China

🌎 Introduction

China unfolds before the observer as a mosaic of contrasts that seems to have no end. It is a territory where the serenity of ancient temples coexists with the dynamism of cities that never turn off their lights. Walking through its streets allows you to feel the weight of a millenary history while, around any corner, cutting-edge technology emerges, drawing a reality where the traditional and the modern intertwine naturally in the daily life of its inhabitants.

The rhythms of the country are marked by the passage of the seasons and respect for their cycles. From the awakening of nature in spring to the golden tones that the forests acquire in autumn, the landscape is transformed, offering very different nuances depending on the time of year. In daily life, these changes are reflected in the local gastronomy, rich in aromas and flavors that vary notably from one region to another, and in celebrations that, like the Lunar New Year, fill every corner with color and symbolism.

Beyond its dimensions, the Chinese identity is perceived in the small details: the aroma of freshly served tea, the murmur in the morning markets, or the calm of a traditional garden. The country offers a diversity that ranges from extensive terraced rice fields to snowy peaks and bamboo forests, forming a vast and suggestive setting that invites paused observation to understand the complexity of its culture.

🛡️ General Safety

China is currently considered one of the safest destinations in the world for international travelers. The country stands out for maintaining extremely low crime levels compared to other destinations of similar size. Tourists usually enjoy a peaceful stay, being able to walk through most cities at any time of the day or night without a feeling of insecurity.

General assessment: The safety level in China is very high.
Indicative comparison: It is situated at a low risk level, with personal safety being one of the country’s strengths for tourism.
Context for the traveler: The wide presence of security cameras, constant police surveillance, and a strict legal framework contribute to this safe environment, although it is always necessary to maintain the common sense that would be applied anywhere else in the world.

Crime and common risks

Although violent crimes against foreigners are exceptional, there are certain minor risks associated mainly with crowds in very busy areas.

Thefts and pickpocketing: In crowded markets, train stations, or famous tourist attractions, thefts due to carelessness may occur. It is recommended to watch your belongings at all times.
Tourist scams: This is the most common risk. The best known include the “tea ceremony” or the “art student,” where apparently friendly people invite the tourist to a place to practice English, ending with an exorbitant bill that the traveler is forced to pay.
Counterfeit bills: Although mobile payment is almost universal, if using cash, pay attention to 100-yuan bills received as change in small shops or unofficial taxis.
Abusive prices: In some markets, products may be offered at prices much higher than their real value. Haggling is a common and expected practice in these environments.

Safety in cities and tourist areas

Large metropolises like Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, or Xi’an feature a very well-maintained and monitored urban environment.

Urban centers: Commercial and monumental areas are usually very well lit and have a visible but discreet police presence.
Public transport: The metro in Chinese cities is extremely safe, modern, and has security checks (baggage scanners) at all entrances.
Less touristy areas: Even in neighborhoods less frequented by foreigners, safety remains high, although the language barrier can be a challenge if help is needed.

Transport safety

The transport system in China is efficient and generally very safe for the user.

Taxis and Ride-hailing: It is recommended to always use official taxis (with meters) or transport apps like Didi (the local version of Uber, which has an English version). Always avoid “black taxis” or illegal private drivers who approach travelers at airports.
High-speed trains: This is one of the safest and most comfortable methods to move around the country. Stations function similarly to airports, with identity and security checks.
Driving: In China, people drive on the right. However, it is not recommended for tourists to rent cars to drive themselves, as traffic can be chaotic and international driving licenses are not usually recognized without additional procedures and a temporary local exam.
Road safety: As a pedestrian, special care must be taken with electric scooters and bicycles, which are silent and sometimes travel on sidewalks or in the wrong direction.

Natural and climatic risks

Given the size of the territory, risks vary significantly depending on the region and the time of year.

Floods and Typhoons: During the summer months (June to August), southern and eastern China can be affected by torrential rains and typhoons that can disrupt travel plans and transport.
Earthquakes: Some areas in the west and southwest (such as Sichuan province) are seismically active. Modern constructions usually comply with strict regulations, but it is advisable to know the basic self-protection guidelines.
Extreme heat and Pollution: In summer, many cities reach very high temperatures. Additionally, although air quality has improved significantly, during certain times and in industrial cities, there may be pollution episodes that affect people with respiratory problems.

Legislation and local rules

China has very strict laws whose ignorance does not exempt one from compliance.

Documentation: It is mandatory to always carry your original passport. Authorities may request it at any time. It is also necessary for buying train tickets, entering museums, or checking into hotels.
Drugs: There is a zero-tolerance policy. The consumption, possession, or trafficking of illegal substances carries severe penalties, including long prison sentences or even the death penalty.
Photography: It is strictly forbidden to photograph military installations, border zones, or specific government buildings. Always look for warning signs.
Social behavior: Avoid participating in demonstrations or political activities. Public criticism of the government or local institutions can lead to significant legal problems.

Safety for specific groups

Solo female travelers: China is a very safe country for women traveling alone. Street harassment is extremely rare, and it is safe to walk alone at night in the cities.
LGTBIQ+ travelers: Homosexuality is legal, but socially the country remains conservative. There are usually no displays of hostility, but discretion is recommended, especially in rural areas, as public displays of affection (regardless of orientation) are not common in the local culture.
Children and the elderly: The country is very respectful towards these groups. Infrastructure in large cities is adapted, although in rural areas or historical monuments (like the Great Wall), there may be many stairs and access difficulties.

Emergencies and assistance

In case of an incident, it is vital to know the contact numbers and basic procedures.

Police: 110
Ambulances / Medical emergencies: 120
Firefighters: 119
Assistance in English: It is not common to find staff who speak English in emergency services. It is recommended to use real-time translation apps or contact the corresponding embassy or consulate if the situation allows.
Hospitals: In large cities, there are “clinics for foreigners” or international wings in public hospitals where staff speak English and the standard of care is comparable to Western standards.

”> Tip: Always carry a hotel card with the address written in Chinese characters (hanzi), as most taxi drivers do not understand the Latin alphabet or speak English, which will ensure you can return without problems.”

📝 Entry requirements

To plan a trip to this destination, it is essential to have a valid passport in good condition. Authorities usually require the document to have a remaining validity of at least six months from the moment of crossing the border. In addition to the identification document, most international travelers need to manage a tourist visa before starting their journey, although there are particular airport transit situations that might allow very short stays without this prior procedure.

The maximum length of stay for visitors traveling for pleasure is usually limited to periods of thirty days, although this time may vary according to the specifications of the granted permit. At immigration control points, it is common to be asked for an exit ticket from the country or proof of transport to a subsequent destination, as well as confirmation of accommodation reservations for the first nights. It is also convenient to have means that demonstrate sufficient financial solvency to cover expenses during the stay in the territory.

Upon arrival at airports or ports of entry, travelers go through control processes that may include taking biometric data and baggage inspection. There are important customs restrictions that must be taken into account, especially regarding the introduction of fresh food, products of animal or plant origin, and certain printed materials. In the case of traveling with prescription medications, it is recommended to carry the original medical prescription translated to facilitate security reviews.

In the health section, vaccination certificates are not generally required, unless coming from areas with specific public health risks. It is advisable to review the recommended vaccines for international travelers and have comprehensive health insurance that allows receiving assistance in quality health centers, as medical costs can be high for foreign visitors.

Below are the key points for organizing documentation and access:

Main documentation: Passport with free pages and sufficient validity.
Access permits: Tourist visa processed at consular representations.
Proof of stay: Confirmation of return flights and hotel reservations.
Customs controls: Limitations on food products and currency declaration if exceeding certain thresholds.
Health and well-being: Recommendation for travel insurance and prior consultation at international vaccination centers.

🏥 Basic health considerations

To ensure your trip to China is an unforgettable experience for the right reasons, it is convenient for you to know how its health system works and what precautions you should take. In large metropolises like Beijing, Shanghai, or Guangzhou, you will find a high-level health system, especially in private and international clinics. In these centers, staff usually speak English, which will greatly facilitate communication. However, in rural areas or smaller cities, infrastructure is simpler and language can be a significant barrier. You must keep in mind that healthcare for foreigners is always paid and prices in quality hospitals are high, so any consultation or treatment will have a considerable cost.

Taking out travel medical insurance is not a mandatory requirement for obtaining a tourist visa in many cases, but it is something totally essential from a practical point of view. You will see that expenses for hospitalization or emergency surgery can skyrocket quickly. Your insurance should include broad coverage that covers not only medical assistance and hospital admission but also ambulance transfer and medical repatriation to your country of origin. It is the best way to travel with peace of mind and avoid financial surprises in case of any unforeseen event.

Regarding vaccines, you will find no legal vaccination obligation to enter the country, unless you come from an area where yellow fever is endemic. The most recommended thing is to check that you have your vaccination schedule updated. Additionally, some travelers choose to protect themselves against Hepatitis A, Hepatitis B, or typhoid fever, especially if you plan to explore rural areas or try a lot of local food in less urban environments. Consulting with an international vaccination center before leaving will allow you to travel with all guarantees.

If you need to carry your own medication, it is very important that you transport it in its original packaging and carry the corresponding medical prescription with you, preferably translated into English. Some drugs common in the West may have restrictions or be difficult to find there, so carrying a small personal first-aid kit with analgesics, antihistamines, and medication for stomach problems will save you time. If you use chronic medication or psychotropic drugs, make sure to carry a medical certificate justifying their use to avoid problems at customs.

Regarding risks according to geography, in large cities, you will see that air pollution can be a factor to consider if you have respiratory sensitivity. If your route includes the south of the country, you will face a tropical climate with high humidity and mosquitoes, while in the western regions, such as Tibet, you should pay attention to altitude sickness and intense solar radiation. Generally, China is a safe country from an epidemiological point of view, and you will not have to worry about serious tropical diseases on conventional tourist routes.

Regarding food and hygiene, the golden rule is that tap water is not potable, so you will always find bottled water at your disposal or kettles in hotel rooms. You can try the delicious street food, which is one of the country’s great attractions, but try to observe that the food is cooked at high temperatures and that the place has a good rotation of customers. Hygiene in city restaurants is usually good, although it is always a good idea to carry a bottle of hand sanitizer to use before eating.

If you find yourself in an emergency situation, the phone number for medical emergencies is 120. You will see that in cities with heavy traffic, ambulances can take time to arrive, so it is often faster to go to the hospital in a taxi if the patient’s condition allows. Most hospitals have an emergency department that operates twenty-four hours a day, although remember that they will ask for insurance or upfront payment to be treated.

As final recommendations, you will find it very useful to have a translation application installed on your phone that works offline, as it will help you explain basic symptoms in a pharmacy or medical center. I also advise you to always carry a card from your hotel with the address written in Chinese characters, in case you have to ask a driver to take you back or to a nearby medical center quickly. With these basic precautions, you can focus on enjoying all the culture and landscapes that this country has to offer.

🚌 Transport within the country

Moving around the national territory is possible thanks to an infrastructure that effectively connects the main population centers. The train network is the fundamental pillar for long-distance journeys, allowing travel between cities with speed and comfort. For journeys that cross much of the geography, domestic flights are frequent, while buses and ferries complete the mobility options in more specific regions.

In urban environments, the metro presents itself as the easiest option for the visitor. Most stations have clear signage and access systems that facilitate navigation without the need to master the local language. However, there is a contrast with rural areas, where transport is usually more limited and travel times can be higher due to the terrain or the type of vehicles available.

The use of taxis and private transport services is very common and is a comfortable alternative for door-to-door travel within cities. Reliability and punctuality are common features of public services, allowing itineraries to be organized with ease. Vehicles and facilities are usually well-maintained, contributing to a functional travel experience for the tourist.

Acquiring tickets for intercity journeys usually requires the presentation of official documentation. Although systems are increasingly digitized, assistance at stations remains an option for managing tickets. In general, the transport system is robust and designed to manage a significant volume of travelers in an orderly and efficient manner.

Tip: Having the names of destinations written in the local writing system is of great help for communicating with drivers and station staff.

🤵 Culture and etiquette

Chinese society places great importance on hierarchy and mutual respect in all daily interactions. When greeting, the most common practice is to perform a slight head bow or a soft handshake, avoiding close physical contact such as hugs or kisses, especially with people who do not belong to the inner circle. It is fundamental to show an attentive attitude toward elderly people and hosts, as consideration for age and social position is a basic pillar of their community structure.

In public, it is common to observe a general behavior of discretion, although in very crowded spaces or markets, the dynamism and volume of voice may be higher than some visitors expect. A key concept is “saving face”, which consists of avoiding situations that might embarrass or make the interlocutor uncomfortable in public. Therefore, communication is usually indirect and harmonious, always prioritizing the resolution of conflicts in a calm and private manner.

Table manners are an essential part of social life. Meals are usually collective, and dishes are placed in the center to be shared among all diners. When using chopsticks, one should avoid sticking them vertically into the rice bowl, as this gesture is associated with funeral rituals. Likewise, it is a fundamental rule of courtesy to give and receive any object, whether business cards, gifts, or money, using both hands as a sign of recognition and respect toward the other person.

Regarding punctuality, this is considered a sign of politeness and commitment, especially in formal meetings or scheduled appointments. As for services, in China, there is no tradition of tipping in restaurants, taxis, or hotels, and occasionally staff might try to return it, considering it an error. Finally, when visiting religious places or temples, it is recommended to maintain a solemn behavior, dress modestly, and always check if photography is allowed before doing so.

“Tip”: If you are offered a gift or a business card, always accept it with both hands and spend a few seconds observing it carefully before putting it away, as this symbolizes respect toward the person giving it to you.

🍛 Typical gastronomy

China’s gastronomy stands out for its enormous diversity, the result of centuries of history and an extensive geography. There is no single national cuisine, but multiple regional traditions that are usually divided between the north, where the consumption of wheat in the form of noodles and breads predominates, and the south, where rice cultivation marks the daily diet. Harmony between colors, aromas, and flavors is fundamental in every preparation, always seeking a balance that satisfies both the palate and physical well-being.

Among the most used basic ingredients, soy, ginger, garlic, and scallions stand out. The use of spices is masterful, allowing a transition from the intense spiciness of Sichuan province to the subtlety of steamed dishes typical of the Canton region. Sesame oil, rice vinegar, and various fermented legume pastes provide the depth of flavor characteristic of this cuisine.

Mealtime is a relevant social act that usually takes place around round tables, often equipped with a central rotating platform. It is common for dishes to be ordered to share among all diners, who serve themselves small portions into their individual bowls using chopsticks. White rice is usually served as an accompaniment to balance the more potent flavors of the meats and vegetables.

Regarding drinks, tea is the predominant option and is consumed in its many varieties (green, red, or jasmine) throughout the day. In restaurants, it is common for hot water or complimentary tea to be offered upon sitting down. Meal times are usually early, with lunch around twelve noon and dinner starting from six in the evening. An important detail of etiquette is that there is no custom of leaving a tip, as service is implicit in the attention received.

Dish	Description	Main ingredients	Where to try it	Tip
Peking Duck	Roasted duck with crispy skin served cut into thin slices.	Duck, honey, wheat pancakes, scallions, and hoisin sauce.	Specialized restaurants in Beijing.	It is eaten by rolling the meat and skin in the pancakes with vegetables and sauce.
Dim Sum	Small bites cooked by steaming or frying, served in bamboo baskets.	Rice or wheat dough, filled with pork, shrimp, or vegetables.	Tea houses and restaurants in Guangzhou or Hong Kong.	It is ideal for breakfast or lunch accompanied by a good Chinese tea.
Jiaozi	Dumplings made of thin dough that can be boiled, steamed, or pan-fried.	Minced meat, Chinese cabbage, ginger, and flour dough.	Family restaurants in northern China.	It is recommended to dip them in a mixture of dark vinegar and chili oil.
Kung Pao Chicken	Sautéed dish that combines sweet, sour, and spicy flavors.	Diced chicken, peanuts, dried chilies, and Sichuan peppercorns.	Sichuan cuisine restaurants.	If a milder flavor is preferred, the whole chilies can be set aside.
Mapo Tofu	Smooth-textured stew with an aromatic and spicy sauce.	Fresh tofu, minced meat, fermented soy paste, and peppercorns.	Traditional eateries in the Chengdu region.	It is best enjoyed if accompanied by a bowl of neutral white rice.

📷 Areas and places to visit

China is a country of vast dimensions where the coexistence of the most advanced modernity and millenary traditions creates a scenery of profound contrasts. The capital, Beijing, presents itself as the historical and political heart, housing the Forbidden City, a palace complex that for centuries was the center of imperial power. Strolling through its squares and visiting the Temple of Heaven allows one to understand the relevance of ancient rituals, while the hutongs, narrow traditional alleys, offer a close-up view of the daily life that still persists among the great skyscrapers.

A short distance from the capital stretches the Great Wall, an engineering marvel that crosses mountains and valleys. There are several accessible sections that allow for walking along this structure and observing the geography of the northern part of the country. Heading inland, the city of Xi’an is a fundamental stop to see the Terracotta Warriors, a world-renowned archaeological discovery that guards the tomb of the first emperor. The Muslim Quarter of this city, with its gastronomic markets and its Chinese-style mosque, reflects the heritage of the ancient Silk Road.

On the east coast, Shanghai represents the most cosmopolitan and futuristic face. The Bund promenade offers a unique perspective where colonial-era buildings face the urban profile of Pudong, crowned by some of the tallest towers in the world. For those seeking a break from the urban hustle, the Yuyuan Garden shows the delicacy of traditional landscape design. Near this metropolis, towns like Suzhou stand out for their canals and classic gardens, which have maintained their structure over the centuries.

Natural diversity is another of the territory’s great pillars. In the Guilin region, the Li River winds between karst formations of unique shapes, creating a landscape that has inspired artists for generations. In Sichuan province, the city of Chengdu attracts those who wish to visit the giant panda conservation centers, besides being a hub for enjoying tea house culture and a gastronomy recognized for its own identity.

To the southwest, Yunnan province offers a mosaic of ethnic cultures and landscapes that vary from the rice terraces of Yuanyang to the ancient cities of Dali and Lijiang, known for their cobblestone streets and wooden architecture. For mountain lovers, the Zhangjiajie national park, with its vertical stone pillars, and the Yellow Mountains (Huangshan) provide hiking routes among seas of clouds and ancient pines.

Finally, the western regions show a different facet of the country’s identity. In Tibet, the city of Lhasa and the imposing Potala Palace are reference points for the spirituality and history of the Tibetan plateau. Activities in these areas usually focus on visiting monasteries, observing local festivals, and browsing craft markets, allowing the traveler to experience the cultural plurality that defines this nation.

Tip: You cannot miss visiting the Great Wall, the most emblematic site in the country.

✈️ Best season to travel

Given China’s vast territorial extent, the ideal time for a trip depends largely on the regions one wishes to visit. Generally, transition seasons such as spring and autumn are considered the most balanced for traveling around the country, as they offer moderate temperatures and clear skies in most of the territory, facilitating walking routes and visits to historical monuments.

During these months, the weather allows one to enjoy the scenic contrasts without the rigors of extreme cold in the north or intense humidity in the south. However, each time of year brings a different perspective: from the flowering of natural parks and traditional festivals to the possibility of contemplating snowy landscapes or participating in local celebrations of greater cultural relevance.

Season	Months	Typical climate	What to expect	Tourist influx
Spring	Mar – May	Mild and pleasant temperatures; some light rain in the south.	Cherry blossoms, green landscapes, and kite festivals.	Medium-High ⭐⭐⭐
Summer	Jun – Aug	Intense heat and high humidity. Monsoon season with frequent rains.	Lush landscapes in mountain areas and activities in large cities.	High ⭐⭐⭐⭐
Autumn	Sep – Nov	Dry climate, clear skies, and very comfortable cool temperatures.	Autumn foliage in ocher tones, optimal visibility at the Great Wall, and Moon festivities.	High ⭐⭐⭐⭐
Winter	Dec – Feb	Dry and rigorous cold in the north; temperate and more humid climate in the south.	Ice festivals, snowy landscapes, and Lunar New Year celebrations.	Low ⭐⭐

🗣️ Basic vocabulary

Although in the more touristy areas of major Chinese cities it is possible to find people who speak some English, knowing some basic expressions in Mandarin greatly facilitates daily life. Local inhabitants usually value the effort of visitors to communicate in their language, which helps interactions in shops, restaurants, or means of transport to be smoother and closer.

It is not necessary to delve into complex grammar or the tone system to manage in daily situations. Memorizing a few key terms to greet, show politeness, or make simple inquiries is enough to improve the travel experience and resolve basic needs during the journey.

Nǐ hǎo: Hello.
Xièxie: Thank you.
Bù kèqì: You’re welcome.
Duōshǎo qián?: How much does it cost?
Qǐng wèn: Excuse me / A question (used to get attention before asking something).
Cèsuǒ: Bathroom / Toilet.
Duì: Yes / Correct.
Bù: No.
Tīng bù dǒng: I don’t understand (when listening)